Peacock bass is the common name in English for several species of tropical, freshwater fish of the genus Cichla native to the Amazon River basin of South America. These tropical fish are not true basses, but are rather cichlids. They also inhabit the waters of Colombia, the Dominican Republic, Malaysia, Panama, Singapore and parts of the USA (Guam, Florida, Puerto Rico, Hawaii, and the United States Virgin Islands).

 There are six known species of peacock bass. The common names for these cichlids vary somewhat depending on the region and, at times, local anglers. The list that follows matches their taxonomic, binomial names (species names) with the common names most widely used in English speaking countries:

• Cichla temensis (speckled peacock bass but three-barred peacock bass while spawning)
• Cichla ocellaris (butterfly peacock bass
• Cichla intermedia (royal peacock bass)
• Cichla orinocensis (no English name)
• Cichla monoculus (no English name)
• Cichla pinima (no English name, recently discovered in 2006)

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There are many common names for these fish in Brazil (the country of their largest native region) depending on the species and stage of development. The most popular of these is tucunaré (too-coo-nah-REH). In Spanish, the generic common name for these cichlids is pav?n (pah-VON).
Although science knows of only Six species, some ichthyologists believe there may be as many as 12 in the freshwater lakes and rivers of South America.
The IUCN has never investigated the conservation status of any peacock bass species. Therefore they do not appear on the IUCN red list.

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